"Shell" Transport and Trading Company of the United Kingdom in history

The Anglo Saxon Petroleum Company was a branch of the “Shell” Transport and Trading Company. Shell was a British company founded by Marcus Samuel and Samuel Samuel in 1897.

The brothers’ father Marcus Samuel was an enterprising fellow who decided to greet ships returning to England from India, Japan, Africa, and the Middle East and offer to buy any trinkets and curious that sailors had collected abroad.

In 1833 Marcus opened a small shop in London, selling sea shells to Victorian natural history enthusiasts. It soon became a thriving import-export business: Marcus Samuel & Company that traded with the Far East The brothers carried on with the import-export with Marcus establishing “Shell” Transport and Trading Company to import sea shells for sale to collectors in London and Samuel, in partnership with his brother, later founding Samuel Samuel & Co in Yokohama, Japan.

While on a trip to the Black Sea to collect shells in 1890, Marcus realized the business potential for shipping oil and founded the shipping company after his return to England. He commissioned the first special oil tanker in 1892 named Murex and subsequently delivered 4000 tones of Russian kerosene to Singapore and Bangkok, under the trade mark ‘Shell’.

In 1897 The “Shell” Transport and Trading Company Ltd was formed, and in 1904 they adopted the scallop shell as their logo. In 1907, Sir Marcus Samuel and Henri Deterding merged the Shall Transport and Trading Company with the Royal Dutch Petroleum Company to create Royal Dutch/Shell.
"Shell" Transport and Trading Company of the United Kingdom in history

Sinopec Group

China Petrochemical Corporation (Sinopec), the largest state-owned enterprises in China, is the assets of Ministry of Petroleum and the Ministry of Chemical Industry.

By 2014 Sinopec had grown to become the third largest multinational corporations in the world measured by revenue and ranked in the Fortune Global 500 list.

Reports say Sinopec, also called China Petroleum & Chemical, is getting about 50,000 barrels a day. The goal is focused on continued growth, too: to get to 135,000 barrels per day.

Sinopec dates back to the Soviet-style state ministry monopolies of the 1950s, the Ministry of Petroleum Industry and Ministry of Chemical Industry.

Sinopec was established as The China National Petrochemical Corporation in 1983 to build and operate China’s refining capacity downstream and petrochemical production. Sinopec took over 90% of China’s refinery from various government ministries and local government.

Sinopec Corp was established in February 200o, with Sinopec as its sole shareholder before the overseas stock listing in October 2000. Sinopec Corp took the main usp0tstrem, refining, and petrochemical business form the parent company Sinopec.

Sinopec was the first Chinese oil company to undertake (partnership with BP) deep-water exploration off Angola and is exploring for gas in Saudi Arabia.

In 2009 Sinopec’s acquired Swiss-based oil exploration company Addax Petroleum for $8.27 billion Canadian dollars was the largest cross border takeover of a foreign firm by a Chinese company.

Addax is one of the world’s largest independent oil producers in West Africa and the Middle East on the basis of volume.
Sinopec Group

Beginning History of Oil Industry

The oils seeps to the surface is what people in ancient times first discovered. It is usually found in the form of bitumen.

Around 3,000 BC ancient people Middle East traded bitumen to be used as building mortar, medicine, and lightning fuel.

Starting in 900 BC the Chinese began using natural gas from wells.

Eventually small oil industry began to develop in Eastern Europe around 1854 that focused primary on peasant dug shafts to obtain crude oil.

This oil was then refined to abstract kerosene, which was then used in cheaply manufactured lamps.

The perfection of the oil lamp, at the end of the XVIIIth century by the Chemist Quinquet, led, a few decades later to a sudden increase in demand for oil.

To increase the availability of oil, some American financiers had the idea of using the cable tool technique of drilling, developed from the production of salt from brine wells.

On the 27 August 1859, after several weeks drilling and at depth of 23 meters, Edwin Drake found that the bottom of the well had filled with oil.

Later in the United States, the standard Oil Company, founded by John D. Rockefeller in 1870 as a refining company in Cleveland, dominated the industry for several decades. By 1880 it had a domestic market share in refining of 95 percent.

By that time, Standard Oil had also come to dominate the pipeline, shipping and drilling business.

In the advent of World War II the increasing popularity for automobiles, oil for heating and electric motors in industry made petroleum the dominant element of the American fuel economy.

As the consumption of energy skyrocketed in the post-World War II decades oil continued to grow in importance.
Beginning History of Oil Industry